Later, it became a part of the Punjab Hill States Agency of British India. Srinagar (Garhwal) was the largest city and served as an important trade center along with the town of Kotdwara which is situated at Oudh and Rohilkhand railway tracks. The administrative headquarters of the area were established at Pauri. Apart from this, cloth, while salt, borax, livestock, and wool were imported from Tibet. Grain was one of the major corps of this area. Two battalions of the Indian army (the 39th Garhwal Rifles) were deployed in the area, stationed at the military cantonment of Lansdowne. After the British rule, Garhwal made rapid development. A part of this kingdom was taken by the British, and later, it became known as the British Garhwal which spread over the area of 5,629 mi 2 (14,580 km 2). However, Tehri's principality was left to King Sudarshan Shah, son of king Pradymun. These Gurkha raided in the British territories that led to broke out the AngloвЂ“Nepalese War in 1814.ДЄt the end of the AngloвЂ“Nepalese War, Garhwal Kingdom and Kumaon Kingdom were known as the British districts. Gurkhas defeated Garhwal king and ruled for over twelve years.

The Mayal dynasty ruled the Kingdom until 1803 before the 'Gurkhas' invaded Kumaon and Garhwal. These were small and had their own chiefs who were responsible for the welfare of the garhs. The area comprises 52 principalities called garhs (fortresses). The Kingdom of Garhwal was founded by Mayal Rajputs nearly 1000 years ago. Portrait of a couple in a village at Uttarakhand, India It describes the area that contained Gangadwar (Haridwar and Kankhala), Badrinath, Gandhamardan, and Kailash. The earliest reference to this region are found in the Skanda Purana which describes its names as Kedar Khand and Himvat respectively.'. Prior to Mayal, the region of present day 'Garhwal' was knowan as 'Kedarkhand'. After this conquest, the domain under Mayal is said to have been called вЂ GarhwalвЂ™, possibly due to the numerous forts in the region.

The exact origin of the word Garhwal is believed to be derived from the title вЂ Garh-walaвЂ™ (owner of forts) given to the ruler Mayal, who is said to have consolidated 52 principalities to form the kingdom in the 14th century. Their ethnonym is derived from the word вЂ GarhwalвЂ™ or 'Gadwal'. In modern usage, 'Garhwali' is used to refer to anyone whose linguistic, cultural, and ancestral or genetic origins is from the Garhwal Himalayas.

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